As 3D printing continues to grow in popularity, so does the need for efficient and versatile file formats. One such format is the .3MF file, designed specifically for modern 3D printing applications. In this blog post, we’ll explore what a 3MF file is, how it compares to other 3D formats, and how you can open and use it for your projects.
What Is a 3MF File?
A 3MF file (3D Manufacturing Format) is an XML-based file format used for storing 3D model data, including geometry, materials, colors, and other manufacturing-related information. It was developed by the 3MF Consortium to address the limitations of older formats like STL and OBJ, providing a more comprehensive solution for additive manufacturing.
Key Features of 3MF Files
- All-in-One Format: Stores mesh data, textures, materials, and metadata in a single file.
- High Precision: Supports complex geometries with no loss of detail.
- Open Standard: Backed by major industry players like Microsoft, Autodesk, and HP.
- Compression: Uses ZIP compression to reduce file size without sacrificing quality.
How Does 3MF Compare to Other 3D File Formats?
3MF vs. STL
- STL is a simpler, older format that only stores mesh geometry without color, texture, or material data.
- 3MF includes all necessary manufacturing data, making it more suitable for modern 3D printing.
3MF vs. OBJ
- OBJ supports textures and materials but lacks advanced manufacturing metadata.
- 3MF is more optimized for 3D printing, with better support for multi-material and multi-color models.
3MF vs. STEP
- STEP is a CAD exchange format used for engineering designs.
- 3MF is specifically designed for additive manufacturing, with built-in print-ready features.
How to Open and Edit a 3MF File
Since 3MF is a relatively new format, not all software supports it natively. However, many modern 3D modeling and slicing tools now include 3MF compatibility.
Software That Supports 3MF Files
- 3D Modeling & Design
- Microsoft 3D Builder (built-in Windows support)
- Autodesk Fusion 360
- Blender (with plugins)
- SolidWorks
- Onshape
- 3D Printing & Slicing
- Ultimaker Cura
- PrusaSlicer
- Simplify3D
How to View a 3MF File Online
If you don’t have dedicated software, you can use online viewers like:
- 3D Viewer (Windows built-in)
- ViewSTL (web-based)
- GrabCAD Viewer
How to Convert a 3MF File to Other Formats
Sometimes, you may need to convert a 3MF file to a more widely supported format like STL or OBJ. Here are some conversion methods:
Using 3D Modeling Software
- Open the 3MF file in Autodesk Fusion 360 or Blender.
- Export the model as STL, OBJ, or STEP.
Online Converters
- AnyConv
- Aspose 3D Converter
- Zamzar
Command-Line Tools (Advanced Users)
- MeshLab (supports batch conversion)
- Assimp (Asset Import Library)
Why Use 3MF Over Other Formats?
Advantages of 3MF
✅ Better for Multi-Material Printing – Stores color and material data in one file.
✅ Smaller File Sizes – Uses ZIP compression, unlike uncompressed STL.
✅ Future-Proof – Developed by industry leaders for modern 3D printing needs.
Limitations
❌ Not Universally Supported – Some older 3D printers and software may not recognize 3MF.
❌ Primarily for Additive Manufacturing – Not ideal for CAD-to-CAD exchange like STEP.
Common Uses of 3MF Files
- 3D Printing—Preferred format for high-detail, multi-color prints.
- Prototyping—Used in product design and rapid manufacturing.
- Collaboration—Allows sharing of complete model data (colors, textures, supports).
Is 3MF the Future of 3D Printing Files?
With backing from major tech companies and increasing adoption in professional 3D printing, 3MF is positioned to replace STL as the standard for additive manufacturing. However, STL remains widely used due to its simplicity and legacy support.
The 3MF file format offers a modern, feature-rich alternative to older 3D printing formats like STL and OBJ. With support for multi-material printing, high precision, and compact file sizes, it’s becoming the go-to choice for professional 3D printing workflows.